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Shofetim (parsha)
Shofetim, Shoftim, or Shof'tim ( — Hebrew for "judges," the first word in the parashah) is the 48th weekly Torah portion (, ''parashah'') in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fifth in the book of Deuteronomy. It constitutes The parashah is made up of 5,590 Hebrew letters, 1,523 Hebrew words, and 97 verses, and can occupy about 192 lines in a Torah Scroll (, ''Sefer Torah'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=July 6, 2013 )〕
Jews generally read it in August or September.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=August 12, 2014 )〕
The parashah provides a constitution — a basic societal structure — for the Israelites. The parashah sets out rules for magistrates, kings, Levites, prophets, cities of refuge, witnesses, war, and an unaccounted corpse.
==Readings==
In traditional Sabbath Torah reading, the parashah is divided into seven readings, or , ''aliyot''. In the masoretic text of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), Parashah Shofetim has four "open portion" (, ''petuchah'') divisions (roughly equivalent to paragraphs, often abbreviated with the Hebrew letter (''peh'')). Parashah Shofetim has several further subdivisions, called "closed portions" (, ''setumah'') (abbreviated with the Hebrew letter (''samekh'')) within the open portion (, ''petuchah'') divisions. The short first open portion (, ''petuchah'') divides the first reading (, ''aliyah''). The long second open portion (, ''petuchah'') goes from the middle of the first reading (, ''aliyah'') to the middle of the fifth reading (, ''aliyah''). The third open portion (, ''petuchah'') goes from the middle of the fifth reading (, ''aliyah'') to the middle of the seventh reading (, ''aliyah''). The final, fourth open portion (, ''petuchah'') divides the seventh reading (, ''aliyah''). Closed portion (, ''setumah'') divisions further divide the first, fifth, and sixth readings (, ''aliyot''), and each of the short second and third readings (, ''aliyot'') constitutes a closed portion (, ''setumah'') of its own.〔See, e.g., ''The Schottenstein Edition Interlinear Chumash: Devarim/Deuteronomy'', edited by Menachem Davis, pages 111–35. Brooklyn: Mesorah Publications, 2009. ISBN 1-4226-0210-9.〕
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